[Hemoglobinuria in children hospitalized in Ouagadougou: short term inpatient care and prognosis].

Introduction

The purpose of this study was to analyze the epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic and evolutionary features of hemoglobinuria in children hospitalized in the Pediatric University Hospital Charles de Gaulle, Ouagadougou.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study over the period 01 July-31 December 2014. All children aged 0-15 years hospitalized in the Department of Medical Pediatrics of the Pediatric University Hospital Charles de Gaulle and diagnosed with macroscopic hemoglobinuria during the study period were enrolled.

Results

Thirty-eight patients were included in the study. Hospitalization rate for hemoglobinuria was 1.9%. The average age of patients was 80.8 ± 44.1 months (ranging from 21 to 168). The study involved 23 boys (60.5%) and 15 girls (39.5%). The major clinical signs were: fever (86.8%), dark urines like « coca cola » (86.8%), pallor (63.2%), hepatomegaly (50%). Glomerular filtration flow was less than 80 mL/min/1.73m in 23 patients (69.7%); 21 patients had Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. The main suspected causes of hemoglobinuria were: severe malaria, bacterial and viral infections, G6PD deficiency, biliary haemoglobinuric fever. Treatments included: artemisinin derivatives, antibiotics and antipyretics. One patient underwent dialysis.

Conclusion

Hemoglobinuria is a symptom mainly causing diagnostic problems in our context. It is a severe disorder which can result in acute renal failure (ARF).